Attachment Theory Is The First Theory - 833 Words

Victoria Jones is a young woman who has spent her life growing up in the foster care system. Never being placed in a home; Victoria is moved from house to house. Because of this Victoria struggles with trusting others and because of this comes off as stubborn. There are many theories could be applied to understand why Victoria behaves the way she does. Attachment theory is the first theory. In the article written by Timothy Page the topic of attachment behavioral system functions and the direct relation to fear/wariness is discussed. The study that was discusses was done by John Bowlby, and says that the instinct is to withdraw from the feared object. (Page). In Victoria’s case the feared object would be trusting relationships. Victoria came across as a very stubborn child, being told by Meredith that if she kept her actions up, she would be deemed unadoptable at age ten. Being sent to so many families only to be removed later caused Victoria to fear trusting Relationships. Victoria views the world as unsafe, and fears everyone will hurt her. The first time meeting Elizabeth, Victoria runs away and hides. No trusting her to make food she will enjoy because of what a past family did. Throughout her journey, Victoria would try and end relationships with others when she felt herself growing too close. By ending the relationship herself, she would avoid the pain of they other person hurting her if they ended the relationship However, Victoria’s relationship withShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Attachment Theory1281 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Attachment theory centers around relationships and bonds formed between people. It generally focuses on long term relationships such as parents or caregivers and children. The theme of the theory is that if the primary caregiver is responsive to a child’s needs, then he or she will develop a sense of security. If a parent or caregiver does not provide this, a child will have trouble attaching and forming relationships in the future. There are theorists who have explored and researchedRead MoreAttachment Theory on Socio-Emtionals Development of Children1435 Words   |  6 PagesAttachment Theory: One of the most studied topics in today’s psychology is the attachment theory whose common references are from attachment models by Bowlby and Ainsworth. Since its introduction, the concept has developed to become one of the most significant theoretical schemes for understanding the socio-emotional development of children at an early stage. In addition, the theory is also developing into one of the most prominent models that guide parent-child relationships. Some of the keyRead MoreAttachment Theory1566 Words   |  7 PagesAttachment Theory John Bowlby was a psychoanalyst and has developed his knowledge and understanding into the theory of Attachment. Bowlby believed that children have been born programmed to form attachments which will help them survive; this is known as evolutionary attachments. Bowlby believed that all attachments are instinctive, he said that attachments are shown when the child is under conditions of feeling threatened, such as: separation, fear and insecurity. In 1969 and 1988 Bowlby suggestedRead MorePsychosocial And Cognitive Learning Theories1354 Words   |  6 Pagesand Cognitive learning are just a few of the theories that describe the makeup of human development and behavior. Psychosocial theories explore the relationship between the social environment and an individual’s psychological condition (Crawford and Hawford, 2011). Whilst Cognitive Learning Theory explains certain behavioral responses of people based on their understanding and mental representation of what is happening at t he present time. This theory also explores a person’s everyday interactionRead MoreAspects Of Object Relations Theory Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesexamining all aspects of Object-Relations Theory. I am also going to be explaining the shortcomings of this theory. Presenting evidence that proves this theory to be strong and relevant to adolescent development into adulthood. Object Relations Theory is a theory that was developed from a therapist client relationship this theory examines the interpersonal relationships that you have and how they shape you into an adult thinker. (Scharff, D.E. 1992). This theory reflects the care that the mother hadRead MoreThe Support Influence On Development Of Insufficient Parental Care1733 Words   |  7 Pagesquality of early attachment relationships is correlated with future personality and brain development. â€Å"The Attachment Theory is a foundation theory, developed by Bowlby. It focusses on the form, quality, and strengths of human attachments made in early life and their effects on development in pro social behaviors† (Tuner, 2011, p.30). Practitioners have found that the importance of forming a bond with a child from birth has the possibility to shape the life of a person. â€Å"Attachment Theory has emergedRead MoreTheories And Research Studies Into Attachment1227 Words   |  5 PagesBiological, development or social approaches to psychology WIZ204 Evaluate theories and research studies into Attachment. Bowlby’s theory of attachment The theory of attachment was first proposed by a British psychoanalyst John Bowlby (1907-1990) who described it as a ‘lasting psychological connectedness between human beings’ (1988). According to psychologist Mary Anisworth attachment â€Å"may be defined as an affectional tie that one person or animal forms between himself and another specific one-aRead MoreHow Does Attachment Influence The Social And Emotional Development Of The Child? Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesHow does attachment influence the social and emotional development of the child? A child’s social and emotional development has significant implications for the social functioning of a child throughout their lives, in their education, friendships and employment. A child with poor or social and emotional development are at risk of experiencing poor relationships with peers, academic problems and can lead them into involvement in unsociable activities or crime. Research suggests the key to socialRe ad MoreAttachment Theory Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesChris Livoti 3/5/13 IB Psychology Mrs. Urso John Bowlby is the pioneer of the attachment theory and worked with children who had been separated from their parents during World War 2. He observed that many of these children developed emotional problems, and he made the connection that the emotional problems stemmed from the separation from the mother. Bowlby was born in London to an upper class family, and would rarely see, and interact with hisRead MoreQuestions On Theories Of Attachment Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstand Theories of Attachment. Evaluating two theories that explain the development of the infant attachment to parents or surrogates. Ainsworth and Bell’s theory, based on Strange Situation Test (SST), and Bowlby’s monotropic theory will be evaluated and shall show their usefulness in psychological research. Summary of Attachment. An attachment is, to quote Kagan et al. (1978, cited in Gross, 2015), â€Å"†¦an intense emotional relationship that is specific to two people, that endures over time,

Ethics and Medical Practice Essay example - 4853 Words

Ethics and Medical Practice Since Alasdair MacIntyres landmark book, After Virtue, there has been renewed interest in the role of the virtues in the moral life and attention paid to reappropriating the Aristotelian notion of a practice. (1) Recent reappropriations of the virtues and virtue theory in medical ethics have contributed to conceiving more adequately the nature of good medicine. In this paper, I wish to explore some of these insights and the special relevance the notion of a practice has in an account of good medicine. Yet, I want to suggest, too, that much remains to be done. This renewed attention to the virtues needs to be supplemented by a similar reappropriation and transposition of the notion of nature in order to†¦show more content†¦In the case of medicine, the good of a practice is confirmed not simply in a person being treated successfully on a given day but that many are cared for everyday. This provision of health care is conditioned by a vast array of organizations including not only hospitals and clinics but also universities and research institutes and those insurance corporations and government organs which finance the operations of all of them. Thus, medicine is never merely a private practice. Its continued success depends upon the well-functioning of a score of medical, economic, and political institutions. As frameworks of human cooperation, practices or institutions set the concrete conditions for the acquisition of habits and skills. Practices demand the regular and recurrent performance of certain tasks, and their swift, adept, if not masterful performance depends upon the acquisition of the appropriate competences. Under the weight of large numbers of individuals in demand for these services and the complexity of human organizations, this exigence is only heightened and the demand for the required habits and skills that much more keenly felt. As a case in point, the provision of health care has become enormously complicated involving the specialized activities of hosts of individuals occupying a myriad of roles, from physiciansShow MoreRelatedLegal Affairs And Ethics Of Medical Practice Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This article will attempt to demonstrate and assess legal affairs and ethics in medical practice. What are the main concerns and responsibilities, what is considered as being legitimate and juridical and what is unlawful and unacceptable. This essay will also provide you with a knowledge about ethical principles, rules and theories used in Health Care methodology as well as legal patients’ rights. We face and run into moral dilemmas and problems every day during our life. A largeRead MoreMedical Ethics And Islam : Principles And Practice837 Words   |  4 Pagessame Semitic soil that bore Judaism and Christianity, Islam continues to deeply influence the beliefs, values, and customs of an estimated one fifth of the human race† (Gatrada, A. R., Sheikhb, A.). The paper will be about medical ethics and Islam; principles and practice. The two primary sources of Law are â€Å"The Qur an (Koran)—The Sunnah—the example, whether in word or deed, of the Prophet Muhammad incorporated in Islamic scriptures† (Gatrada, A. R., Sheikhb, A.). The third source is â€Å"Ijtihad—theRead MoreCritically Evaluate Medical Ethics And Legal Issues1263 Words   |  6 PagesCritically evaluate medical ethics and legal issues Introduction Medical ethics and legal issues have been a key topic in medical field for many years now. It is important for medical professionals to understand the importance of the way we care for patients, it is therefore important to be knowledgeable and aware of the medical ethics and legal issues that govern good patient care. Health care professionals must make decisions based on ethical and legal issues to performance their regular dutiesRead MoreProfessional And Personal Application Statement1580 Words   |  7 PagesUniversity of Indianapolis â€Æ' Introduction Transitioning into the role of an advanced practice nurse requires more than simply gaining more education or demonstrating leadership abilities beyond that of a traditional registered nurse. Instead, the role of an advanced practice nurse requires an understanding and appreciation of the ethical challenges and issues that will be faced, as well as communicating the importance of ethics to other nursing professionals (Jormsri et al., 2005). In order to be preparedRead MoreOaths and Creeds by Elite Groups979 Words   |  4 Pagesaccountability within their respective fields. The Hippocratic Oath is purported to be a foundation for ethics and the practice of medicine. Though it exists in different versions, depending on the institution, the general themes and function remain the same (Markel). Any oath taken is meant to elevate the level of expectations for services rendered. In practice, however, especially in cases of medical oaths, it appears that the oaths are ceremonial an d apparently obsolete. A survey conducted in 2012Read MoreAn Ideal Doctor809 Words   |  3 PagesAn Ideal Doctor: Medical students basically attend medical schools for the precise purpose of being educated. As part of their duty, the medical faculty teaches medical students virtue and vice in all their respective duties. Consequently, there is an assumption or concept that a good physician demonstrates virtues that are required to practice virtuous medicine (Marcum, 2012, p. 229). Actually, attempts to prepare medical students to operate as total competent professionals trained to meet theRead MorePatient Safety Is Vital For The Practice Of Medicine979 Words   |  4 PagesPatient safety is vital in the practice of medicine. In medical laboratory science, we may not have a direct contact with the patient, but every duty we perform can affect the outcome of the patient’s health. Patient safety involves being able to collect samples and follow the protocols for the test result. Accuracy in medicine may be a very high standard, but it is worth it when it comes to a patient’s life. A medical practitioner should always have the expectation not to incur more harm on theRead MoreThe Importance Of Ethics And Values On Clinical Practices1179 Words   |  5 PagesThe Importance of Ethics and Values in Clinical Practices The importance of an ethical basis for medical practice has been emphasized in recent years. Several groups and countries have called for a broadly embraced, basic curriculum in ethics for students in the medical profession (Lakhan, Hamlat, McNamee, Laird, 2009). The United States has no standardized curriculum in medical ethics, but ethics courses are now common in medical schools (Lakhan, Hamlat, McNamee, Laird, 2009). ProfessionalRead MoreLegal/Ethical Boundaries Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesLegal/Ethical Boundaries of a Medical Assistant AAMA Medical Assistant Code of Ethics The Code of Ethics is a set of principles of moral and ethical conduct as they relate to the medical profession. There are five sections of the Code of Ethics. â€Å"Render services with full respect for the dignity of humanity.† A medical assistant will perform job duties with respect to the patient, life and rights as a human being. Holding the medical assistant to a higher standard, where he/she does not performRead MoreEthical Issues in Healthcare1205 Words   |  5 PagesEthics Issues in Healthcare Technological and scientific advancement have become areas of great exponential change in the last century. The reverberations of this change is seen throughout nearly all aspects of human life from social evolution to the dynamics of education. Perhaps the most relevant alterations to humanity overall has been seen in areas concerning health, and our biological lives as humans in modernized cultures. The advancements in technology and science have directly translated

Tylor, Muller and Frazer free essay sample

Since the early 1800s, there had been an ample amount of skeptics trying to account for the origin of religion. The basic question on everybody’s mind was where does religion come from? Some believed that people developed religion because they didn’t understand the forces of nature around them. Others believe that religion was created as a way of restrain people. In the 19th century, people were introduced to social science and anthropologists who once studied primitive culture were exposed to several theories on the origin of religion. Edward B Tylor was one of the first who developed a theory on religion. Max Muller was a German professor at Oxford University whose interest included Indian mythology and the study of religion. Another anthropologist was George Frazer who key contributions to religious anthropology was a religious encyclopedia. There are many explanations to the origin of religion, one of the most prominent being Edward B. Tylor’s theory of animism. This theory is considered the foundation of the physical evolution of religion; two other influential religious anthropologists, Max Muller and James Frazer, also based their explanations of the origin of religion on nature. All three religious anthropologists are similar in the sense that they traced the evolution of religion in an attempt to figure out the origin of it but differ in the way they approach the concept of religion. Edward B. Tylor developed the theory of animism to help explain the most rudimentary form of religion. Animism is defined as the belief that attributes souls and spirits to humans, plants, animals and other entities. Animistic religious beliefs are well-known among primitive societies who were â€Å"so low in culture as to have no religious conceptions what so ever† (Tylor). Tylor considered animism as the most primitive phase in the development of religion. He believed that the reflection of dreams and the observation of death caused primitive people to develop the idea of souls and spirits. Tylor thought that primitive people believed that everything in nature had a soul within it. He hypothesized that a belief in animism led to the formation of a more generalized god and, eventually, the creation of monotheism. Animism ultimately led to the evolution of religion in the minds of the people. It led them to take something so simple as nature and use it to explain the natural phenomenon in their environment. A conflicting theory that uses the concept of evolution is that of Max Muller. Another theory of the origin of religion was developed by Max Muller. He believed that people first developed religion from the observation of nature. According to his theory, primitive people became aware of regularity of the seasons, the tides and the phases of the moon. Their response to these forces in nature was to personalize them†(Hopfe and Woodward). They personalized them through linguistics. Muller believed that development of religion was a cause of confusion in language (Goldsmith). There seems to be a divide between Muller and Tylor over the nature of the origin o f religion. Max Muller believed that the answer to the sole origin of religion could be found in the past and a person can trace its origin in the linguistic remnants in the Indo-European languages. Tylor thought that implementing an ethnological approach would be more successful than studying languages for answers of the origin of religion. Evolution of religion is evident in Muller’s theory because â€Å"they personified the forces of nature, created myths to describe their activities, and eventually developed pantheons and religions around them† (Hopfe and Woodward). By developing religions and pantheons from identifying the forces in nature is a clear sign of the evolution of religion in the human mind set. Even though their theories are different, the idea of evolution of religion in the human mind is evident in both Muller and Tylor’s theory. Sir James George Frazer, a fellow religious anthropologist, began developing his own theories on religion. Frazer believed that humans used magic as a way to control nature and the events around them and when that failed, they turned to religion. They used religion to control the events for a while and when religion failed they turned to science. Frazer’s theories were similar to those of Tylor. They both believed that the human mind developed in the same way as that of physical evolution.. Even though Frazer took a similar approach to Tylor in tracing the origin of religion, he modified Tylor’s theory and replaced Tylor’s theory of animism with his idea of magic. A similarity between Frazer and Tylor is that they both believed that religion began from an intentional method of describing and making sense of a strange world. Frazer replaces the idea that religion explains nature by introducing science as a substitute. Frazer’s approach to tracing the origin of religion is similar to that of Tylor and Muller since all three traced the evolution of religion in an attempt to figure out its origin. Both Muller and Frazer’s theory are similar to Tylor’s theory since both trace the origin of religion through the evolution of it but differ in the way they interpret religion. All three of them seemed to miss a vital element of religion which is that no one who practices religion is doing so to explain how the world works. People use religion for several reasons. Some use it to give meaning to their lives while others use it to enforce social order. Maybe all three anthropologists didn’t miss this key component but rather didn’t know about it due to the rapid evolution of religion.

Sexual Objectification and the Effects on Women free essay sample

First, is the effect it has on their self-image. Second, is the effect on how they portray themselves in their relationships. Third is the effect it has on their mental state. The effect on a woman’s self-image is one of the biggest problems, if not the biggest. The main problem with self-image is that women see themselves as sex objects. This is starting to start at a very young age. According to a study by Knox College in Galesburg, IL, girls as young as six are beginning to think of themselves as sex objects. This study was compiled by asking dozens of girls ages 6 to 9 to choose a doll that looked like themselves, that they wanted to look like, that would be most popular in school, etc. The study concluded that across the board, the girls chose dolls that have been termed â€Å"sexy dolls†. These dolls are dressed in tight, revealing clothing. We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual Objectification and the Effects on Women or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It does not stop there. As these children grow older, young girls and teenagers start to develop an increasing concern with their weight and are unhappy with their bodies. They feel that they must start to look and act like these women they see on such shows as Flavor of Love or in magazines such as Playboy. Most studies have focused on the eating disorders that can arise from this form of objectification such as anorexia and bulimia. These studies have shown that since World War II, popular media has increasingly held up a thinner and thinner body image as an ideal for women. However, more recently the studies have started to also focus on the fashion. In 2007, The American Psychological Association reported that advertisements on TV showing provocatively dressed females as schoolgirls in pigtails and children’s dolls that come with sexually suggestive clothing are major contributors to this trend. These objectification trends are on the rise and are creating a low self-image for our young children. This will continue to spiral downward as they mature into grown women. Once these young children reach their teen years and even into early adulthood, this objectification brings on a second effect. Their ability to form natural relationships is dwindling. Take for instance the show Rock of Love or The Bachelor. Women on these shows compete amongst each other for one man’s affection. The actions of these women go much further than a regular conversation and first date. You see these women get naked, make-out with each other, even sleep with these men all in the hopes that for one more week they are able to stay in the house, just to turn around next week and do it all over again. What is this teaching our children? Well for one it is teaching them that this type of behavior is acceptable. This acceptable behavior has attributed to higher teen pregnancy, multiple sex partners and now the new craze – sexting. In a SPARK Summit video, Yanique Richards a high school student feels that these types of shows are directly targeted towards her and her peers. She states that â€Å"these shows are shown when I directly get home from school and I don’t want to do homework and I am sitting in front of the TV. † These types of behaviors that our teens and young adults are watching have a profound effect on their future relationships. This is a form of stereotyping, and stereotyping exerts control or power over people, pressuring them to conform according to Susan Fiske, professor of Psychology at Princeton University. If this is the type of behavior that is acceptable, how can we expect our children to ever visualize themselves as anything more than a sex object in their partner’s eyes? The effects on women from all this objectification is already a great deal. Nevertheless, there is still one other factor to consider, how this effects a woman’s mental state. Psychologists and even some feminists are arguing that this type of objectification can lead to depression, low self-esteem and hopelessness due to the belief that their intelligence and competence are not being currently nor never will be acknowledged by society as a whole. By having these feelings about one self, there is no reason to push yourself in your education or your career. It can also lead to feeling of fear, shame and disgust, which are typically shown during the transition from being a little girl to womanhood. There is a strong sense in their minds that power, respect and wealth will only be achieved through one’s outward appearance and their sexual performance. While there are many negatives out there, I did come across a small amount of research that shows there are positive female stereotypes to try to counteract all of this negativity. These positive examples, if watched instead, can empower young girls and women. Who are some of these positive â€Å"role models†? In the article â€Å"Media Portrayal of Women†, it cites Lisa Simpson, Buffy, The Vampire Slayer, and even Dora the Explorer. All are powerful, inquisitive, gifted and intelligent women who counteract this horrible objectification and make girls believe that these are the mental characteristics in which one should strive. The medias objectification of woman has been a long-standing issue. More than likely, this will be a battle that will be fought until the end of time. What we have to do as a society is take a stronger stand against this behavior and teach our children that these types of behaviors they see on TV, in print ads, music videos, and even from other women on the street are NOT acceptable. The one way I know how to do this is to become more involved as parents. As times have gotten tougher, more and more kids are left at home to be exposed to this type of behavior and objectification. Maybe schools implement a course about this.